Shih Tzu

Origin: China/Tibet

For nearly a thousand years the shih tzu was the treasure of Chinese emperors, one forbidden to be carried beyond the palace walls. Today it lives with you — and truth be told, it doesn't see much of a difference.

The shih tzu comes from palaces — and never for a moment forgets it. For nearly a thousand years it was a living treasure of the Chinese court: bred in the Forbidden City, it basked on silk cushions at the emperors' side, and its name means literally “little lion” — though, let's be honest, all the ferocity of this lion ends at the hairdo. The rulers guarded these little dogs jealously: for centuries not a single one could be taken beyond the palace walls, so the rest of the world only saw the shih tzu at the beginning of the 20th century — like a secret declassified after a thousand years. It's hard to find a dog with better aristocratic credentials. And hard to find a dog that would wear them with more grace.

After those centuries of court life the shih tzu has, you see, reached a simple conclusion: the world divides into places that are comfortable and places that have yet to be made comfortable — ideally with its participation, on your lap. On a walk it moves at the pace of a procession, not because it can't go faster, but because haste is in poor taste. Rainy weather it treats as an obvious calendar error to be waited out at home. Its long, showy coat it wears with the dignity of a star who is evidently owed a regular visit to the hairdresser (and it happens to be right — without grooming that coat quickly turns into a problem). And with those big, dark eyes it can, with a single lift of the brow, communicate that dinner is, in its estimation, running late. New guests it receives at first with polite reserve — as if checking whether they measure up to its company — after which it magnanimously decides that they all do.

But that's not all: the real talent of this breed isn't laziness at all. The shih tzu has a rare ability to raise the standing of ordinary moments. Consider: emperors had literally everything, and in the evenings it was precisely this dog they wanted beside them. Today it does exactly the same for you. You're having a bad day — it appears without a word, settles close, and stays. You're having an ordinary, grey evening — it sits beside you and that evening suddenly begins to taste like something once affordable only to emperors. It needs no tricks for this. It's enough that it's there — with dignity, warmth, and completely.

Here begins the thing most easily overlooked with this breed, because it's easy to confuse with spoiling. The shih tzu is a dog with a genuinely small need for exercise — and therefore for calories. A portion that would keep a dog running around the park in shape will, in this dignified homebody, very quickly result in excess weight. And since it's hard to refuse it when it looks at you with those eyes of its, the excess can creep in entirely unnoticed.

That's why at its bowl moderation is key:

  • A portion matched to a small, not very active dog — not to its appetite
  • Treats counted into the daily limit (for such a little one, a few “rewards” is already a lot)
  • Good-quality food that supports the skin and that demanding coat — a good diet also helps reduce troublesome eye watering
  • A delicate digestion likes consistency: a trusted food instead of experiments and no table scraps, even if it begs regally
  • Kibble matched to a short muzzle, easier to pick up

The shih tzu also has a few sore points typical of its beauty, worth keeping in mind day to day:

  • A short muzzle: it tolerates heat and exertion less well — on hot days it needs coolness and calm, and a lean figure additionally makes breathing easier for it
  • Large, prominent eyes: they need gentle cleaning of the surrounding area and attention, because irritation comes easily
  • A long coat: regular grooming isn't a whim but a condition of healthy skin and comfort
  • Teeth: as in many small breeds, it's worth supporting oral hygiene

Because the shih tzu won't impress you with speed or tricks — it offers something far rarer: full, undivided presence in a truly royal style. A dog that treats every shared moment as if it were the most important item of court protocol.

Your role is simple: care for its figure, its coat, and those big eyes as attentively as it cares for the splendor of your everyday life. Because the empire fell long ago and the court dispersed, and the shih tzu did the only sensible thing: it moved the capital. And from the day it came to live with you, that capital lies exactly where you are.

See also: Maltese, Havanese, Pug

Weight: 4-7.2 kgLifespan: 10-16 yearsActivity: LowSize: Small
Shih Tzu

Health issues

2 most common conditions

Brachycephalic SyndromeMedium

A set of breathing problems resulting from a shortened skull structure: narrowed nostrils and an elongated palate impede airflow. It affects short-muzzled breeds. Warning signs include noisy breathing, snoring, quick tiring, and trouble in the heat. A lean build eases the airways, while feeding from a flat bowl and avoiding overheating relieve the symptoms.

Eye ProblemsMedium

A collective term for eye conditions — from irritation and dryness to changes in the cornea or lens — to which some breeds are more prone. It's worth reacting to tearing, squinting, redness, and clouding of the eye. Antioxidants (vitamins A and E, lutein) and omega-3 fatty acids support eye health and retinal protection.

Nutritional needs

22-28%
Protein
10-15%
Fat
2-5%
Fiber
35-45
Calories

Proper hydration for your dog

Proper hydration is essential for a dog's health. Dogs need constant access to fresh water, especially on hot days and after physical activity. Wet food can serve as an additional source of fluids.

Daily requirement
50-70 ml of water per kg of body weight
For the Shih Tzu
approx. 300 ml per day
Dehydration symptoms
Dry nose, sticky saliva, lack of energy

Best foods for the Shih Tzu

Ranking based on nutrient analysis and breed requirements

Dry foods

Rating:IdealV. goodGoodPoor

Wet foods

Rating:IdealV. goodGoodPoor

Want to know how much food your Shih Tzu needs?

Use our nutrition calculator to work out the exact caloric requirement of your pet.